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简约通灵的诗词语法

发布时间:2017/11/27 15:21:06      0阅读数: 223

        无论何种语言,诗的语法总是最简约、最通灵的,汉语诗词尤甚。汉语诗词翻译成外文后,往往会失去原有的韵味。为此,笔者设计了一套简约的语法符号:
        ★“←,→”:修饰、限制、拓展、程度、辅助关联词;包含了普通语法中的形容词、副词、情态动词、助动词、冠词及定语和状语;箭头指向被修饰、被限制、被拓展、被考量、被辅助的对象。
        ★“◁,▷”:运动和趋向关联词;普通语法中的实义动词;箭头从运动、趋向发起方,指向运动、趋向的终结或承受方。
        ★“»,«”:判断和称谓关联词;普通语法中的连系动词;空头靠向被判断、被称谓的泛指或代指词,箭头指向被判断、被称谓的结果。
        ★“›,‹”:容含和归属关联词;普通语法中的实义动词;空头靠向容含或归属方,箭头指向被容含或被归属方。
        ★“◇”:空间关联词。
        ★“┸”:时间关联词。
        ★“∽”:典故。
        ★“…”:数关联词。
        ★“○”:量关联词。
        ★“─”:句中以名词形式呈现的字、字组,词、词组。所有字、词,字组、词组,都可以——以名词形式呈现。
        ★“↓”:省略符。在汉语诗词中,通常的主语、谓语、宾语都有被省略的可能。
        或许,用这套语法符号来标注汉语诗词,有助于精准翻译;也有助于非汉语专业人士,更直接、全面地感受汉语诗词简约生动和通灵通俗之美。果真如此,善莫大焉!先来标注一首五言小律诗:
       《知》——已知触未知,世界可推知。有多少未知?永远不尽知。

再来标注一首十六字令词:
        《禅》——禅,云朵悠悠远上闲。修心境,
度以超然。

        这套语法符号有用吗?欢迎相关人士批评、指导、合作。
        2017年11月2日,江西寻乌。

☆☆☆☆☆
下面是笔者非常不专业的英文翻译:

《The grammar of poetry is concise and psychic》

         No matter what language,the grammar of poetry is the most concise and the most psychic,especially in Chinese Poetry。After translation of Chinese Poetry into other languages,the original lasting appeal is often lost。For this reason,the author designs a set of simple grammatical symbols:
        ★“←,→”:Modification,limit,supplement,degree,auxiliary coupling words or phrases;It contains adjectives,adverbs,modal verbs,auxiliary verbs,articles,attributes and adverbials in the usual grammar。The arrow point to object that have been modified,restricted,expanded,considered or assisted。
        ★“◁,▷”:Movement and tendency coupling words or phrases;Notional verbs in usual grammar。The arrow point to the end of motion or trend。
        ★“»,«”:Judgment and appellation words;linking verbs in usual grammar。The arrow point to the result of being judged or called。
        ★“›,‹”:Contain and ascription words;Notional verbs in usual grammar。The arrow point to being contained or belonging。
        ★“◇”:Space words。
        ★“┸”:Time words。
        ★“∽”:Allusion。
        ★“…”:Numeral。
        ★“○”:Unit words。
        ★“─”:Words and phrases in the form of nouns。All words and phrases can be presented in form of nouns。
        ★“↓”:Ellipsis symbol。Subject,predicate and object are all likely to be omitted,in Chinese Poetry。
        Maybe,using this set of grammatical symbols to mark Chinese Poetry is conducive to accurate translation。It can also help the non Chinese Professionals directly and comprehensively feel the beauty of simplicity,vividness,psyche and popularity of Chinese Poetry。If so,good thing。Please see:


        KNOW
        Known contact unknown,The world can be inferred and know。
        How many unknown?Never know。

        ZEN
        Zen,The flaky clouds are high and far away,Carefree and leisurely。
        Cultivate mood, Aloofness to transcendent。

        Are these grammatical symbols useful?English translation is very unprofessional 。Welcome the criticism, guidance and cooperation of the relevant personage。
        November 4,2017。



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